![]() Lemoine et al., Nasa Goddard Space Flight Centre This 1996 gravity map of the globe clearly shows a gravitational force below the mean value (negative values are in shades of blue) in the Indian subcontinent south of the Himalayas, as Lenox-Conyngham showed 90 years earlier. The data showed a negative relative gravitational component in the region of the Plain, a fact readily apparent in modern measurements (see image). New four-pendulum-based equipment to measure the gravitational force was modified to suit and, between 19, Lenox-Conyngham collected gravitational data across the subcontinent. īurrard suggested that anomalies in latitude found by the Survey in the early 1800s parallel to the mountains to the north might be caused by a large mass below the Indo-Gangetic Plain. In 1898, Lenox-Conyngham received two British astronomers to observe the total eclipse in northern India, including Cambridge astrophysicist Hugh Newall with whom he became firm friends, unknowingly smoothing the path for a future career at Cambridge. Ī redetermination of the longitude of Karachi undertaken by Burrard and Lenox-Conyngham in 1894, which required journeys to Europe and the Middle-East, was later found, using radio signals, to be accurate to 0.02 of a second of arc. They had one child, a daughter named Enid (born in 1892 in India died, unmarried, in 1993 in Cambridge, England). In 1890, Lenox-Conyngham married Elsie Margaret Bradshaw, daughter of British Surgeon-General Sir Alexander Frederick Bradshaw. He became assistant to Sidney Burrard who, that same year, commenced an investigation into discrepancies evident in measurements of the longitude perpendicular to lines of latitude the investigation provided new data which were successful. In 1889 he joined the trigonometrical branch of the Survey of India. Attached to the Royal Engineers as a lieutenant, he spent two years at the School of Military Engineering at Chatham before being posted to India. He went to the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich when he was seventeen years old and passed out first with the sword of honour and the Pollock medal. When he was aged ten, his family moved to Edinburgh, where he attended Edinburgh Academy. He was born at Springhill, Moneymore, County Londonderry, to Laura Calvert Arbuthnot, fourth daughter of Isabella Boyle and George Arbuthnot, and Sir William Fitzwilliam Lenox-Conyngham KCB DL JP, first son of Charlotte Staples and William Lenox-Conyngham. He was the last superintendent of the Great Trigonometrical Survey and began a readership in geodesy at the University of Cambridge. Sir Gerald Ponsonby Lenox-Conyngham FRS FRAS (24 August 1866 – 27 October 1956) was an Irish surveyor and geodesist. ![]()
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